TL-EHD

Integrated printing and process control

Voltage waveforms control droplet ejection and deposition. Four camera views work alongside closed-loop motion control, while pattern import, drawing and parametric editing turn the intended geometry into a print path.

Near-field droplet printing

The nozzle tip operates tens to hundreds of micrometers above the substrate. The electric field ejects discrete droplets onto defined positions. Synchronized motion and jetting overlap adjacent deposits to form lines and complex patterns.

Machine architecture

Access from all four sides supports sample loading, maintenance and upgrades. A marble base supports the precision motion system. Two large-format displays show motion, camera views, waveforms and signal feedback. System dimensions: 1613 × 908 × 724 mm. Approximate weight: 500 kg.

Adjustable high-voltage output

Digitally controlled, programmable output from 0 to 2000 V. The output current is continuously adjustable from 0 to 10 mA.

Digital oscilloscope monitoring

A dual-channel USB oscilloscope monitors voltage and pulses during process adjustment. Analog bandwidth: 50 MHz. Sampling rate: up to 200 MSa/s. Sensitivity: 10 mV/div–2 V/div. Input range: −100 V to +100 V (DC + AC).

Microscale nozzles and holders

Nozzle sizes range from 1 to 100 μm. Select the bore for the ink viscosity and target pattern. Smaller bores are generally used with lower-viscosity inks. Dedicated holders connect the nozzles to the fluid delivery system.

Dual printheads with manual switching

Two microscale nozzles support simultaneous or alternating operation. Each nozzle has independent X–Y–Z adjustment. Multiple observation views assist alignment and in-process inspection.

Precision syringe-based ink delivery

Flow rate: 0.01 μL/h to 99.9 mL/h. Fluid viscosity: 300–5000 cP. Compatible syringe volumes: 1, 10 and 20 mL. Luer-tip stainless-steel needles use bores selected to suit the ink.

Vacuum chuck and substrate mounting

A multi-ring gold-plated vacuum chuck supports 1, 2, 3 and 4 inch silicon wafers. It allows level adjustment and provides electrical insulation for high-voltage operation. A quiet dual-channel vacuum pump offers adjustable suction for sample holding and exchange.

365 nm UV curing

Control curing independently or in synchronization with printing. Programmable curing follows the path sequentially or synchronously. The source moves with the Z axis, with fine adjustment relative to the nozzle. Four lateral operating positions can be stored and recalled.

Camera and printhead positioning

Select the camera view required for each task. Camera and nozzle positions can be adjusted independently in X, Y and Z, with appropriate electrical clearance between the optics and printhead.

Pattern-based printing software

Edit patterns, view toolpaths and monitor operating status without manually writing G-code. The software generates and executes motion commands, with real-time X–Y–Z position display from closed-loop feedback.

Distance-based jetting synchronization

Distance-triggered jetting coordinates droplet spacing with motion speed. Corner compensation helps maintain line-width uniformity as speed changes. Path planning includes speed-based corner rounding and lead-in moves.

File import and job management

Import patterns, set process parameters and execute motion in one workflow. Job queues and global parameter backups support reuse and recovery after unintended changes.

Parametric drawing and scripting

Draw points, lines, circles, arcs, ellipses, rectangles and polylines. Add Chinese or English text, barcodes and QR codes.

Eight fill strategies include line, crosshatch, serpentine and sandwich fills. Grids, circular arrays and standard patterns support parametric editing with real-time toolpath display.

Scripting supports loops, conditional logic, variables and trigonometry, plus dimension measurement for CAD and 3D geometry.

Interdigitated electrode patterns

Two interleaved sets of electrode fingers are separated by gaps. The schematic and micrographs show the overall geometry and local detail. Refer to the scale bars in the images.

Complex text and 2D micropatterns

The Chinese poetry example demonstrates the conversion of dense patterns and complex strokes into executable toolpaths. Microscopic inspection reveals the overall shape, line connections and local deposition.